FNAN 472/SYST 448, FinTech: Blockchain Technologies
Syllabus, Fall 2024

Prof. Jiasun Li
email: jli29@gmu.edu
https://sites.google.com/view/jiasunli

Last modified: 4:30 PM 8/18/2024

Online access to this syllabus:
http://somfin.gmu.edu/courses/fnan472
Fast forward to class schedule

Meeting Schedule

Class meetings and locations
Course No. Title Days & Time Date (MM/DD) Location Office Hours
FNAN 472 and SYST 448 FinTech: Blockchain Technologies T/R 10:30-11:45am 08/27-12/05 Zoom You are always welcomed

  • https://gmu.zoom.us/j/4212847649?pwd=RDhSM1ZtTXRXaWxzVnYrcmtpMXo3UT09
  • Meeting ID: 421 284 7649
  • Passcode: 5siwCm
  • Course Description and Objectives

    As the underlying technology that enables decentralized peer-to-peer currencies such as Bitcoin or smart contract platforms such as Ethereum, blockchain has been touted as a revolutionary innovation to fundamentally change many aspects of business. How does blockchain actually work? How could it be applied to different business scenarios? Is blockchain truly the "next big thing" or just another hyped up buzz word? What are the current challenges in blockchain development? What new Technologies have been accelerated by the rise of blockchain Technologies and ecosystems? In this course, we'll conduct an objective investigation into the current status of blockchain development, and have an open dialog around its future promises.

    We'll start from explaining the functioning of Bitcoin in detail to illustrate the core concepts behind blockchain: hash functions, immutable ledger, Merkle tree, distributed consensus, proof-of-work/stake, etc.; We'll introduce concepts such as smart contract, forks, Layer2, DeFi, token, stablecoin, game theoretical analysis, zero-knowledge proofs/arguments, etc. in the context of alternative cryptocurrencies; and importantly, we'll take the system design of blockchain operations as an venue to study various finance/economics concepts/tools in the real world.

    Prerequisites

    No formal prerequisites, other than your passion to warmly embrace, critically research, and avidly contribute to a new technology and market.

    Textbook


    Lecture slides and extra materials will be posted on the web site from time to time. There is no formal textbook for the class.

    A highly recommended introductory reference book is freely available here: (Some details in the book is a bit outdated today, but its core remains relevant)

    A. Narayanan, J. Bonneau, E. Felten, A. Miller, S. Goldfeder. Bitcoin and Cryptocurrency Technologies: A Comprehensive Introduction , Princeton University Press, 2016.

    Recommended news letters/podcasts to subscribe to:
    Unchained Podcast by Laura Shin
    EpiCenter blockchain podcast

    Exams and Grading

    Grading will be based on a set of exams (expect two, but may add more), class participation, and a final (team) project (including a written report along with presentations).

    Exams 45%
    Team project 50%
    Class participation    5%

    The final grade will be based on all the points earned for the course.

    Suggestions on potential final project ideas (to be constantly added):
    Financial statement analysis of public bitcoin miners;
    What's the relationship between bitcoin's (or other PoW coin's) mining difficulty and coin price? Any lead-lag effect? Can we explain with miner's holding period or optimal stopping time theory (or other theories)?
    Hashrate distribution evolution across the globe/regions/pools/addresses;
    Hashrate distribution evolution and association with electricity prices across grids;
    Post mortem of a specific Web3 incident;
    Strategic and financial analysis of a specific Web3 venture capital deal;
    A new DeFi protocol (lending/flashloans/AMM/stablecoin) launched in the last year and what distinguishes it from the rest; Comparing the pros and cons of different cross-chain bridges;
    The entries/exits and market share evolutions to characterize crypto exchange competitions;
    The unique features of different crypto deriviates across different exchanges and their respective success/failures;
    One specific business application of verifiable compute (with solid justification from industry sources)
    A literature view of existing empirical research into DAOs;
    A survey of past and current Web3 or crypto related legislative bills/executive rules, etc.

    Tips for an informative project: Picking a narrow angle and going deep is better than aiming for too broad coverage but staying superficial. For example, "What Led Greg Solano and Wylie Aronow to Become Founders of Yuga Labs" is like to be a more successful project than "NFT," even though the former will give some background to NFTs. For some sample ideas, see https://docs.google.com/document/d/1EBwu7FKsM2b6Q667KWlGvRnEOfc66yZEB61_yUPFc7o/edit?usp=sharing (constantly updating)

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    Tentative Topics (subject to change as we progress)

    Topic Reading Materials
    Logistics

    Bitcoin 101: cryptography basics
    Slides
    Hash functions used in practice
    Anders blockchain illustration
    Lloyd's of London Makes Quiet Entrance Into Crypto Insurance Market
    Bitcoin 101: building your first blockchain
    Slides
    Bitcoin 101: consensus and distributed ledger
    Slides
    Introduction to game theory Slides: Introduction to game theory
    Nash equilibrium exercise
    Nash equilibrium exercise solution
    Example: The Mechanism Design at Four-Way Crossroads
    The game of mining
    The bitcoin mines of China
    Blockchain Folk Theorem
    Decentralized Mining in Centralized Pools Slides Slides2
    The Miner's Dilemma
    More on distributed consensus
    Slides
    RAFT: RAFT
    An Economic Model of Consensus on Distributed Ledgers Slides

    Filecoin: Filecoin
    Bitcoin Script language; smart contract; Ethereum 101 Slides (First part)
    Slides (Second part)
    A gentle introduction to Ethereum
    Ethereum (PoS)
    Turing completeness
    Loops in programming
    Smart contract for information aggregation
    Tokens, Monetary Economics
    The Ascent of Money
    Digital Tokens and Platform Building Slides
    Tokenomics: Dynamic Adoption and Valuation
    Initial Coin Offerings: Financing Growth with Cryptocurrency Sales
    On the immaturity of tokenized value capture mechanisms (Section 5)
    Crypto exchanges
    The Willy Report
    Wash trading
    Crypto Coin Tether Defies Logic on Kraken s Market, Raising Red Flags
    Each Tether is Backed By USD, Unofficial Audit Claims
    Tether, the troubled cryptocurrency hit by a $31 million hack, has split with its auditors
    Is Bitcoin Really Un-Tethered?

    Crypto Derivatives

    Illiquid Bitcoin Options
    Decentralized derivatives platforms
    Another list
    Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
    DeFi Slides
    Can Stablecoins be Stable?
    Decentralized Lending and Its Users: Insights from Compound Slides
    Decentralized Exchanges
    Coindesk Q2 blockchain report

    Anonymous cryptocurrencies
    Report: Arrested Tornado Cash developer linked to Russian security service
    Crypto e-cash and ZK proofs and Part 2
    Zcash and Zk-SNARKs
    Monero (Cryptonote)

    Blockchain Scaling

    Bitcoin Lightning Network
    Casper (proof-of-stake)
    The Ethereum Merge
    Nothing at stake?
    Ouroboros (proof-of-stake)
    EOS (delegated proof-of-stake); EOS white paper
    Plasma and Video and LearnPlasma
    State Channel
    Sharding
    Final project presentation